Common Cold
[Editor's Detailed Explanation] A Complete Guide to Treating and Caring for the Common Cold in Hong Kong
What is the common cold?
The common cold is an upper respiratory tract infection caused by viruses, including rhinovirus and coronavirus. According to the Hong Kong Department of Health, colds are not caused by a single virus, so there are no specific antiviral medications that can cure them. Most patients recover on their own within 7 to 10 days.
Common cold symptoms in Hong Kong
- a stuffy or runny nose
- Sore or dry throat
- Mild cough
- sneeze
- Mild headache
- Mild to moderate fatigue
- Sometimes accompanied by a low-grade fever (more common in children)
Editor's Tips:
If you experience a high fever (>38.5°C), difficulty breathing, chest pain, a persistent severe cough, or symptoms that do not improve for more than 10 days, seek medical attention as soon as possible, as you may have influenza, pneumonia, or another more serious infection.
Treatment principle: mainly to relieve symptoms
Because colds are viral infections, antibiotics are ineffective against the common cold . Treatment focuses on symptomatic treatment to help the body navigate the illness more comfortably.
1. Rest and hydration
- Adequate sleep : helps the immune system function.
- Drink more warm water or clear soup : keep your throat moist and reduce irritation.
- Avoid caffeinated or alcoholic beverages as they increase the risk of dehydration.
2. Symptomatic treatment with medication (common medications in Hong Kong)
According to Hong Kong pharmaceutical and medical information, commonly used medicines include:
- Fever and pain relievers : such as acetaminophen (paracetamol) or ibuprofen (ibuprofen).
- Antihistamines : Reduce runny nose and sneezing.
- Decongestants , such as Pseudoephedrine, help relieve nasal congestion.
-
Cough medicine : These are classified as either antitussives (to suppress a dry cough) or expectorants (to help produce phlegm).
⚠️ Editor's reminder: Before purchasing over-the-counter drugs on your own, you should consult a pharmacist, especially for children, pregnant women, and patients with chronic diseases.
3. Home care methods
- Rinse your nasal cavity with saline (normal saline or a commercial spray) to relieve nasal congestion.
- Apply a warm compress to your forehead and nose to relieve sinus pressure.
- Maintain moderate humidity indoors to reduce dry throat discomfort.
Medical resources and timing of seeking medical treatment in Hong Kong
In Hong Kong, if the symptoms are mild, you can first get medication advice from a community pharmacy or private clinic.
If the following occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention immediately:
- High fever lasting more than 3 days
- Shortness of breath, chest pain
- Coughing up blood or large amounts of yellow-green sputum
- Weakened immunity (such as those receiving chemotherapy or taking long-term immunosuppressants)
- Infants, young children, and the elderly experience decreased appetite and lethargy
Public hospital accident and emergency departments, general outpatient clinics, and private clinics can all handle cold complications. The Hong Kong Department of Health website also provides the latest information on influenza and respiratory diseases for public reference.
Tips for preventing colds
- Wash your hands frequently, especially before touching your mouth or nose or eating
- Avoid close contact with people with colds
- A balanced diet and moderate exercise can enhance immunity
- Wear a mask during peak flu season (usually winter and early spring), especially in crowded places
💡Editor ’s summary :
While the common cold isn't serious, it can still impact your quality of life. Hong Kong has a wide selection of medications, allowing residents to flexibly utilize pharmacy and medical resources, along with healthy lifestyle habits, to accelerate recovery. Remember not to overuse antibiotics; focusing on symptom relief is key.
Disclaimer : This article is for reference only and does not constitute any medical advice. The source is referenced from major medical articles.
